A Chronology of Choices: How Everyday Decisions Shaped Historic Responses
Q1: Did everyday Americans in the 1930s understand the full threat posed by the rise of fascism?
Yes. While the ultimate extent of the death camps was not fully comprehended until the 1940s, the violent, racist, and authoritarian nature of the Nazi state was reported extensively in regional American newspapers starting in the spring of 1933.
Q2: Why didn't grassroots protests lead to changes in federal immigration quotas?
The economic devastation of the Great Depression fostered deep protectionism among voters and legislators. Strong nativist factions in Congress, backed by widespread fears of job scarcity, defeated legislative efforts to ease quotas, such as the 1939 Wagner-Rogers Bill to admit 20,000 refugee children.
Q3: How did local groups resist pro-fascist elements inside the United States?
Civic organizations, labor unions, and religious groups actively protested meetings of the German American Bund, published exposés of foreign propaganda efforts, and pressured venue managers to deny platforms to openly fascist speakers.